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1. Bad effects of underspeed
The underspeed of the actuators (cylinders and hydraulic motors) of the hydraulic system includes two cases:
1 fast movement (fast forward) is not fast enough to meet the design value and the specified value of the new equipment;
2 Under the load, its working speed (work advance) decreases significantly with the increase of load, especially for large hydraulic equipment and equipment with large load. This phenomenon is particularly remarkable, and the speed is generally related to the flow rate.
Underspeed first affects production efficiency and increases the cycle time of hydraulic equipment. Underspeed phenomenon often stops moving under heavy load, which affects whether the equipment can work normally.
2, the cause of the underspeed fault
1 fast speed is not enough
a. The output flow of the hydraulic pump is not enough and the output pressure is not high.
b. The overflow valve is permanently deformed by the spring or misfitted into a weak spring, the main spool damping hole is partially blocked, and the main spool is stuck in the position of the small opening, so that the pressure oil outputted by the hydraulic pump partially overflows into the fuel tank, and the inlet is The effective flow rate of the system to the actuator is greatly reduced, so that the speed of rapid motion is not enough.
c. The internal and external leakage of the system is serious: the general working pressure is low when fast forward, but it is much higher than the return oil pressure. When the piston seal of the hydraulic cylinder is broken, the two chambers of the hydraulic cylinder leak greatly due to the cavity (there is a pressure difference), so that the rapid movement speed of the hydraulic cylinder is insufficient, and the internal and external leakage of other parts may also cause this phenomenon.
d. The resistance is fast when fast-forward, such as the lubrication of the guide rail, the tightening of the guide plate of the guide rail, the installation accuracy of the hydraulic cylinder and the poor assembly precision, etc., resulting in an increase in frictional resistance during fast-forward.
2 When the work is fed, the working speed is obviously reduced under load.
a. Under the load, the working pressure increases, the leakage increases, and the adjusted speed decreases due to the increase of internal and external leakage;
b. The system oil temperature increases, the oil viscosity decreases, the leakage increases, and the effective flow rate decreases;
c. The hydraulic system design is unreasonable. When the load changes, the flow rate of the actuator entering the hydraulic equipment also changes, causing a change in speed;
d. The oil is mixed with impurities, and the throttle valve of the flow regulating valve is blocked, which causes the working speed to decrease; when the block is blocked, the speed is unstable.
e. There is air in the hydraulic system.
3. Method for eliminating underspeed faults
1 Exclude the failure of the hydraulic pump output flow and the output pressure is not high;
2 Excluding the failure caused by the pressure valve such as the relief valve;
3 Find the location where internal leakage and external leakage occur, eliminate internal and external leakage, and replace worn parts to eliminate internal leakage.
4 control oil temperature.
5 Clean parts such as flow valves, and change the oil in time when the oil is seriously polluted;
6 Identify the cause of the intake of the hydraulic system and eliminate the air in the hydraulic system.
Analyze one of the common faults in hydraulic systems: underspeed
The so-called underspeed refers to the failure to meet the requirements of the hydraulic system in the case of work, so there are certain difficulties in troubleshooting, and there are many kinds of situations, so remind you that you need to choose according to the specific circumstances to exclude.