LED stage light new starting point for the Chinese market

At present, stage lighting uses a combination of three LED tubes that respectively emit red, green, and blue light, and a white light illumination mode is formed after mixing. LED lamps can be used for stage lighting, thanks to their advantages of energy saving, high brightness, long life and easy to use.

Energy efficient

At present, the common LED beam lamp uses a dedicated collecting cup, and the LED light emitting diode is installed in a fully transparent collecting cup. The middle of the concentrating cup is a convex lens, and the light beam emitted from the LED tube at the focus of the convex lens is gathered into a parallel beam, and the beam emitted from the side of the LED tube enters the inner side of the concentrating cup and then refracts to the outer side of the concentrating cup, due to The outer side and the inner side of the collecting cup are designed to have a certain angle. When the light reaches the outer side, the incident angle of the light on the outer side will be greater than the critical incident angle of the material of the collecting cup, so that refraction is impossible. The total reflection is generated from the front, and after reasonable design, the outgoing light will become parallel rays parallel to the optical axis of the lamp.

The high-power LED tube has a highly efficient mirror inside, which is a unidirectional light source.

A small collecting cup can use almost all the light emitted by the LED tube and form a parallel beam, and the utilization rate of the light source is very high. Since the light emitted by the LED tube does not contain infrared rays, the temperature of the LED is not too high. Although the concentrating cup is close to the LED, it can still be made of high-transparency polyester plastic, and it will not be deformed by high temperature. Well-designed, molded-shaped concentrating cups are produced in batches with good consistency.

LED tube and concentrating cup are combined into one module, but the luminous flux is not enough. Generally, one and the same module is combined again to form a flat LED array, so that one hundred watts of LED lamps are emitted. The light, equivalent to the brightness of a few hundred watts of tungsten incandescent lamps, has been able to meet the needs of stage applications and meet the requirements of energy saving.

Some people refer to the optical design inside the LED as a design, the concentrating cup is designed as a secondary design, and the combination of the concentrating cup module is the third design. The flat type of collecting cup module assembly process is relatively simple. Since the parallel beams emitted by each module overlap in the same plane, the entire luminaire emits a beam of slightly divergent parallel light, which is illuminated by a large number of LEDs to produce glare that meets the needs of the stage.

Compared with incandescent lamps, LED lamps have more than twice the luminous efficiency of incandescent lamps. Secondly, LEDs use a more efficient light path design and light source luminous flux. The utilization rate is several times higher than that of incandescent stage lighting. The two factors are superimposed, and the same luminous flux, incandescent lamps are several times larger than the power of LED lamps. Therefore, smaller power LED luminaires can meet the light intensity requirements required by the stage.

Bright color

In the stage performances, the lights are used to color the stage sets, props, costumes, or to create a specific stage atmosphere, and the stage performances use a lot of colored light. Compared with the color light commonly used in stage lamps, LED lamps have better performance in color than traditional light sources. In the past, the color light used in stage lighting was a method of adding colored color filter paper or other color filters in front of white-emitting lamps, that is, blocking unwanted color light and passing only the desired color spectrum. Since a large amount of unwanted color light is blocked, the emitted color light is rather weak, especially the commonly used blue light, whose spectrum is at the high end of the visible spectrum. Due to the characteristics of the human eye, the red and blue-violet colors at the ends of the visible spectrum are not particularly Sensitive, a large number of sensitive light is blocked, and the luminous efficiency of the luminaire is even lower.

At the same time, in order to prevent the color filter from fading at a high temperature, the color filter transmits a large amount of infrared components in the spectrum, and the blue color filter transmits short-wavelength blue light, and some long-wavelength red light transmits. Therefore, the blue light obtained by the method of adding a blue color filter before the incandescent lamp is not only reduced in brightness but also in color, which is difficult to satisfy the lighting engineer.

LED luminaires, on the other hand, emit red, green and blue light from three light-emitting tubes. White light is mixed by three primary colors. When a certain color of light is needed, only the unwanted spectrum is emitted, and the desired spectrum of light is emitted. In this way, the luminous efficiency of the lamps is greatly improved. Especially for blue light, the blue light brightness of the LED lamp is equivalent to the brightness of the incandescent lamp plus blue color paper which is ten times higher than the power. The color light of LED lamps sometimes appears too pure and bright in actual use. In order to reduce the saturation of color light, some LED lamps also add white LED beads to produce a light color.

Since the luminous efficiency of LEDs is higher than that of incandescent lamps, the luminous efficacy of lamps is higher than that of ordinary incandescent lamps, and the efficiency of color light is much higher. LED lamps are used for stage performance to produce the required color light, which can fully utilize the advantages of LED. .

Long life

LEDs have a lifespan of tens of thousands of hours, while incandescent lamps have a lifespan of only a few hundred and thousands of hours. Although the heat dissipation problem has greatly shortened the life of LEDs developed in the early stage, the current general power LED tube structure has been greatly improved, not only has its own heat-conducting substrate, but also is equipped with an aluminum-based metal core printed wiring board (MCPCB) as a heat-dissipating substrate. It is convenient to derive the heat generated by the internal chip.

In addition to a heat sink with sufficient heat dissipation area or with heat dissipating fins, the entire thermal conduction path from the LED tube body to the outside of the lamp body is also very scientific, if the operating temperature of the internal LED chip is controlled within 100 ° C (the limit temperature of the LED is At around 150 °C, the life of the LED can reach tens of thousands of hours.

Easy to use

The operating voltage of the LED is 3 V~5 V DC. If you want to change the LED stage lamp from 220 V AC to dimmable low-voltage DC power, you only need one lighting console that emits DMX signals. The fixture must have an additional dimmer. The DMX512 signal sent by the console controls the brightness of the red, green and blue LED tubes, and the red, yellow, green, blue and purple colors and brightness beams can be adjusted. A lamp can replace a number of conventional stage lamps of different colors, eliminating the color changer. Moreover, the lamp body does not have fragile products such as glass bulbs and filaments of ordinary incandescent lamps, and transportation, daily maintenance, and the like are much simpler, and are particularly suitable for performance occasions of frequent disassembly and assembly.

Although LED stage lighting is more advanced and has many advantages, it has not yet been popularized in stage performances. The main problems are as follows:

The current price is relatively high

At present, the use of LED stage lighting is limited, and the large gap between the price of conventional stage lighting is an important resistance to promotion. The high cost of LED lamps is mainly due to the following reasons: high-quality LED chips are mainly from foreign manufacturers such as the United States and Japan, which need to be imported, and the price is high; the development cost of new lamps and lamps and lamps, and the cost of high-performance materials It is also very high; the commonly used 220 V AC mains is efficiently converted into the switching power supply for low-voltage DC required for LEDs, which is the dimming control circuit required to adjust the color brightness of each LED in the lamp, and the console. The connected DMX512 signal receiving and decoding processing circuit and the like increase the cost of the luminaire while adding functions. LED luminaires are currently a high-tech product. It will take a long time to reduce the cost without being used in large quantities.

Single variety

At present, the LED lamp has a single variety, mainly an optical structure: a plurality of LEDs and a collecting cup are arranged in a plane to form a square or circular emitting surface to form an LED beam lamp. A large number of LED light sources are fabricated on a plane to form a planar illuminator that shines on the object. In addition to a uniform spot in the central area, the periphery is a softly gradual aperture, forming a decay zone from light to dark, making it difficult to form an edge. Clear hard spots make it harder to cut with images to produce spots of various shapes. Such LED lamps can be used as floodlights or low-demand beam lamps. They should be adapted to the different requirements of the stage for the beam, such as hard spots with clear edges, or strict requirements in the light area, and the beam should be image-cut controlled. It is difficult to apply occasions.

General stage spotlights (except PAR lights) have a beam angle or a soft and adjustable range of light, and the LED beam light described above cannot be achieved. If used as a floodlight, the iodine-tungsten tube and asymmetric reflector in the skylight lamp commonly used in the stage can project uniform light on the skylight above or below the stage canopy, while the LED modules are arranged in a symmetrical light distribution. Therefore, LED lamps are also lacking as a skylight.

Quality is uneven

Due to the continuous hype of “fourth generation electric light source” and “energy-saving high-efficiency effect” in recent years, LED lamp manufacturers at home and abroad have increased significantly. At one time, LED lamp products are overwhelming, and their product quality and price are very different. There are many manufacturers that produce or imitate concentrating cups, and some manufacturers do not design, just purchase components and assemble them into lamps. Therefore, the same LED lamps have similar shapes, and the luminous efficiency varies greatly due to different production processes and components.

In fact, LED production process requirements are very high, not all companies have the corresponding strength, resulting in the quality of LED lamps on the market. The optical system design of LED luminaires is very precise. The size of LED tubes and concentrating cups are very small. The relative position of the two LEDs is relatively high. With small deviations, there will be a big gap between the position of the light reaching the stage. In order to meet the design requirements, the manufacturers with strict process requirements will screen the consistency of a large number of LED tubes. Considering the gap between the thickness of the LED tubes on the circuit board, the manufacturer will adopt an automated laser welding process.

In addition, the heat dissipation problem directly affects the luminous efficiency of the LED. At present, high-quality LED lamps solve the heat dissipation problem from design and process, and can have a life of more than 30,000 hours, but LED lamps with poor design or process may only have a life of several thousand hours or even shorter.

Professional development, design, strict production management, enterprise selection from components and materials, from advanced automated operation machinery to strict quality control of production process (including aging treatment of intermediate parts), each link affects LED lamps the quality of.